Course
Description:
This class will briefly review concepts from Chemistry I,
explore more advance college level Chemistry concepts, and provide a fun, interesting and challenging learning experience
to help you understand the integral relationships and relevance of
chemistry in our world. Hands-on experiences using scientific
equipment and procedures will be used to help you understand some of
the basic principles and theories of chemistry, such as atomic
structure, bonding, chemical reactions and equilibrium, stoichiometry, thermochemistry,
gas properties and laws, solution chemistry, acid-base theories,
oxidation-reduction reactions and electrochemistry. We will explore
concepts through scientific reading and writing, demonstrations,
lectures and interactive assignments, and then you will apply the
concepts through labs,
practice problem activities and independent homework. Short quizzes
and tests will also be used to determine your grasps of the concepts
and prepare you for the format of the AP Exam. These skills will
help develop your scientific thinking to be used for the rest of
your life, help prepare you to find success on the AP Chemistry test
to receive college Chemistry credit and they will also be used for
success in future college courses of Chemistry.
Text:
Brown, LeMay,
Bursten (11th edition, newest). Chemistry, the Central Science.
Pearson/Prentice-Hall,
- Includes
online resource to support with practice tests and news articles
related to each chapter
Reference
Materials:
Zumdahl, Steven, and Susan Zumdahl.
Chemistry. Boston: Houghton Mifflin.
Berwick’s Classroom Website.
www.berwicksclasses.org
CHEM Matters Magazines
Resources for
Laboratory Activities and Demonstrations:
Advanced Chemistry with Vernier Laboratory
Manual (for computers with CD to modify labs)
Flinn Scientific Inc. Chem Fax:
instruction and suggested activity sheets that accompany Flinn
products.
Flinn ChemTopic Labs Manuals
Shakhashiri, Bassam. Chemical
Demonstrations: A Handbook for Teachers of Chemistry. Volumes
1-4
Summerlin, Lee, R. and James L Ealy.
Chemical Demonstrations: A Sourcebook for Teachers
Other
Materials needed for class:
Organization is an important part of your success in AP
Chemistry. Your planner should be carried everyday. If you don't
have one, get one...this will be your pass out of the classroom for
anything. The planner also has some great resources for you, such as
equations and a periodic table. In addition, you will need to bring
a
bound lab notebook. All lab investigations, class work
and homework will be recorded in the bound lab notebook in sections.
A calculator will also be needed for the many computations studied
in AP Chemistry. Finally, some kind of writing utensil will be
needed daily.
Effective Classroom Community
I would like our classroom to become a tight
community; all working together to help each other find the greatest
success on the AP Chemistry Exam and learn the maximum amount
possible during the class. The following areas will help establish
this community.
- Lab Groups: With labs being held almost every week, you need to chose individuals you can work with
efficiently and effectively. Your lab groups will be 2-4
individuals working together to write pre-labs, collect
and analyze data, and draw conclusions from the data collected.
Written reports with this information will be included in
your lab notebooks and graded.
- Study Groups: You’ll also need to
establish study groups that will exchange contact information to
be able ask questions from home on an assignment or to study
together before quizzes and tests. Your study group can also
stay after school to work on practice tests or to do extensions
of labs we do in class.
- Individual problem presentations to
class: Finally, during each chapter, practice problems from
the text book and old AP Exam questions that relate to concepts
being studied will be assigned. Each student will be required
to present the solution to these problems before the
class on the wipe board showing all necessary work. Each student will have to
present at 6-8 questions during a unit to receive their
participation points for that unit. Students will receive
participation points based on the thoroughness of their presentation,
that the work shown makes sense and progresses smoothly.
I will have the detailed solution to each problem in the
classroom so students can examine the problems they do not
understand beforehand. Study groups can also help students
prepare for these small presentations. Students will sign up for
the problems that they will present the class period before so
they can be properly prepared. Some
students may have stage fright when they are first asked to come
forward to present the solutions. They soon find, however, that
the rest of the class is behind them and wants them to succeed.
To this end, the class is attentive during the explanation and
even tries to help the presenter over the rough spots. My job as
teacher is to oversee the
process. This involves my knowing when to step in and ask
pertinent and probing questions to make sure you and the rest of
the class truly understands what is important for those problems
and that your explanation is clear. True understanding of
concepts can be best achieved and remembered through teaching
the concepts. I also hope that for confusing or more difficult
questions the presentation can be a group or classroom
discussion to solve the problem or explain the concepts more
effectively. Students will hopefully thrive in this environment
and feel comfortable asking questions of their peers when they
do not understand a concept or how an answer was achieved.
Grading Policy:
The following grading scale will be used throughout each quarter
using the total points of all your assignments.
100-93%
= A 92-90% = A- 89-87% =
B+ 86-83% = B 82-80% =B- 79-77% = C+ 76-73% = C
72-70% = C- 69-60% = D
Family access is
the district wide grading program where students and parents can
access many important aspects of student life in the Sumner School
District. Current real life grades are available to view from family
access during the year to determine your progress in the class. If
you include an updated email address with your signature at the
bottom of the questions assigned about the class website, I will
send a weekly progress report to that email address.
If a student
receives a 4 or 5 on the AP Chemistry Exam, the final grade for that
student will be bumped up a grade (ex: A- to A). If a student gets a
3 or better on the AP Chemistry Exam, they automatically get a
passing grade if they had failed the course. Finally, if the student
gets a 1 or 2 on the AP Chemistry Exam, the final grade for that
student will drop down a grade (ex: B to B-). This test is basically
the cumulative final for the class. Therefore if you fail the final,
your grade will be negatively affected and if you do very well on
the final your grade will be positively affected. The grade change
will be made when we return in the fall since the scores are not
reported until middle of the summer. If you chose to not take the
official AP Chemistry exam, you will be given one of the practice
tests as your final for the class and it will affect your grade in
the same manner as written above.
Graded
Assignments
Through out each unit you will be doing many assignments to support
the concepts that are being taught. For each assignment, all work
must be clearly shown for calculation problems and explanations must
be in complete sentences to receive credit.
-
Unit practice problems will be
checked at the beginning of the class period while students
are presenting the problems. If
assignments are not done when due, then they will need to be checked
off on the student’s own time such as at the end of class for full
credit or before or after school or on future days for partial
credit.
In the grade book, assignments done on time will be worth 1
point and late assignments will be worth 0.5 points. Missing assignments will not greatly affect your grade, but success
on the quizzes and tests will be very difficult if you do not do the
assignments.
-
Activities and labs done in class will be checked
off the following day that they are completed in class and will be
worth more points in the grade book. Labs will be
a very important part of your preparation for the AP test. To
get the most out of each recommended lab we will be doing, students will need to come prepared for lab days with their pre-lab
competed. The classroom door will be locked on lab days and
only those with completed pre-labs can enter. On the day following a
lab completion, analysis questions will be due for a grade in the
grade book. If not turned in the following day, they will also only
receive half credit. Once a
unit is completed and test is taken, assignments and labs for that unit will no longer be
accepted for any credit. All these practice problems, lab and any other assignments for
class will be recorded in our class notebook.
Quizzes and
Tests
Short quizzes will be given each Wednesday during a unit to evaluate the students’ abilities to answer AP test-like
questions individually. These quizzes will be graded in class
so students understand how they are graded. Tests will be given at
the end of each unit. All
students wanting to improve their score on a test can come in and do
test corrections with the teacher as long as they have done all
assignments from the unit on time as well as the review before
taking the test. Half credit will then be given
for missed questions that are corrected. To earn that half credit,
students must write the questions they missed out, write the correct
answer and explain why it is the correct answer.
Make up work
from absences
To help students avoid getting behind, all make up work will be
posted online and students need to take the responsibility for
getting their own make up work from this website. Any work that can
be done at home should be completed before returning to class. Work
that was due on the day of an absence is due on the day you return.
Appointments need to be made within one week to make up a missed lab
investigation or test. Make ups can only be completed for excused
absences. The student must make the arrangements for the make-up
with the teacher as soon as they return. If a student feels they
have special circumstances, write them down and have parents sign
and turn them in for review to receive a due date extension.
I will be available
after school everyday to make up labs, study for quizzes and tests,
and for individual help with practice problems.
Course
Outline:
Unit 1: Review Chemistry I
Material:
(8 weeks)
Chapter 1-
Measurements/Calculations/Uncertainty/Scientific Method:
(1 week)
Review types of
measurements and units, dimensional analysis, problems solving
techniques, accuracy and precision, uncertainty/significant figures,
classification and properties of matter, and process for exploring
science.
Lab Experiences:
Measurement Activity with Beakers, Graduated Cylinders, and Burets
Introduction to Vernier Lab Pros and Logger Pro Lab
Chapter 2- Atoms, Molecules and Ions:
(1.5 week)
Review early
history of chemistry/atoms, law of conservation of mass, law of
definite and multiple proportions, Dalton’s Atomic Theory,
Avogadro’s hypothesis, early experiments to characterize atomic
structure, atomic weight, molecular formulas, empirical formulas,
formula writing, oxidation states, periodic table review, and ionic
and simple organic nomenclature
Lab Experiences:
Determination of a
Chemical Formula
Separation and
Qualitative Analysis of Cations and Anions ???
Chapter 3 and 4: Stoichiometry:
(2.5 weeks)
Balancing chemical
equations, types of reactions, formula weights, moles conversion
using balanced equations, percent composition, limiting reactants,
percent yield, aqueous solutions, molarity, introduce
precipitation/acid-base/oxidation-reduction reactions and solution
stoichiometry (solubility rules)
Lab Experiences:
Determining the
Empirical Formula of Copper Iodide by Direct Synthesis from the
Elements
Determination of the
Percent Water in a Compound
Net Ionic Reactions
using Microscale
Determining the Mole
Ratios in a Chemical Reaction
Avogadro’s Number *
Chapter 6 and 7- Atomic Structure and
Periodicity in the Periodic Table: (1.5
weeks)
Wave and particle
nature of light, Atomic spectra, Bohr atom, Heisenberg’s Uncertainty
principle, quantum numbers, atomic orbitals, electron
configurations, development of periodic table, trends in the
periodic table in terms of physical and chemical properties.
Lab Experiences:
Planck Constant *
The Rydberg Constant
*
Chapter 8 and 9- Chemical Bonding:
(1.5 weeks)
Lewis structures,
ionic bonding, metallic bonding, character of bonds, polarity,
electronegativity covalent models, octet rule and exceptions,
resonance, VESPR model, molecular shapes, mulriple bonds and
hybridization
Lab Experiences:
VESPR model building
using Styrofoam balls and pipe cleaners
Liquid Chromatography
Unit 2: Chapter 5 and 19-
Thermochemistry:
(2
weeks)
Nature of energy,
laws of thermodynamics, enthalpy, calorimetry, specific heat, Hess’s
Law, thermochemical equations, heats of formation, bond energies,
heats of reaction, Gibbs free energy equation, entropy, free energy,
energy and work, exo and endothermic reactions, and state functions.
Lab Exeriences:
Calorimetry
Determining the
Enthalpy of a Chemical Reaction
Specific Heat of
Metals*
Heat of Combustion *
The Enthalpy of
Neutralization of Phosphoric Acid *
Unit 3: Chapter 10- Gases:
(2 weeks)
Characteristics of
gases, pressure, Gas laws, Ideal gas law, van der Waal’s equation,
Avogadro’s Law, STP, Dalton’s Law, Graham’s Law, Kinetic theory of
gases.
Lab Experiences:
Exploring the
Properties of Gases
The Molar Mass of a
Volatile Liquid
Molar Volume of a Gas
Unit 4: Chapter 11-
Intermolecular Forces, Liquids and Solids:
(1 week)
Molecular
comparison of phases, Dipole-dipole interactions, hydrogen bonding,
London forces, liquid state, types of solids, network solids, vapor
pressure, change of state, phase diagrams and specific heat.
Lab Experiences:
Evaporation Rates Lab
The Synthesis and Analysis of Alum*
Unit 5: Chapter 13-
Properties of Solutions:
(1 week)
Electrolytes and
nonelectrolytes, saturated solutions, molality mole fraction,
colligative properties, Raoult’s Law, Henry’s Law, freezing point
depression, boiling point elevation, and osmotic pressure.
Lab Experiences:
Conductimetric
Titration and Gravimetric Determination of a Precipitate
Determining the
Concentration of a Solution: Beer’s Law
Using Freezing Point
Depression to find Molecular Weight
Making Ice Cream*
Unit 6: Chapter 14-
Chemical Kinetics:
(2 weeks)
Reaction kinetics,
rate laws, order of reactions, rate constant, catalysts, activation
energy, and reaction mechanism
Lab Experiences:
Decomposition of
Hydrogen Peroxide
The Rate and Order of
a Chemical Reaction
Kinetics of a Bleach
Reaction or Food Color Kinetics
Determine Rate Laws
(iodine clock reactions-small scale or thiosulfate and acid-small
scale)*
The Base Hydrolysis
of Ethyl Acetate *
Unit 7: Chapter 15-
Chemical Equilibrium:
(2 weeks)
Laws of mass
action, equilibrium expressions, calculations of K and equilibrium
concentrations, Le Chatelier’s principle, and how equilibrium is
shifted by stresses
Lab Experiences:
The Determination of
an Equilibrium Constant
Determinging the Ksp
of Calcium Hydroxide
Unit 8: Chapter 16 and 17-
Acid and Bases:
(2 weeks)
Acid and base
properties, pH, Ka and Kb expressions
titration, degree of ionization, Kw expressions,
Arrhenius, Bronsted-lowry, Lewis acid theories, salt hydrolysis,
indicators, equivalence points, buffers, and acid-base titrations,.
Lab Experiences:
Standardizing a
Solution of Sodium Hydroxide
Investigating
Indicators
Acid-Base Titration
Buffers
Determining Ka by the
Half-Titration of a Weak Acid *
Titration of solid
monoprotic and diprotic acids to find their molecular weights and
pKa values*
Unit 9: Chapter 20-
Electrochemistry:
(2 weeks)
Oxidation and
reduction half-cells and equations, electrochemical (voltaic) cells,
standard voltages, standard voltages from a table, Nernst equation,
Faraday’s laws, writing redox equations and balancing equations in
acid/base solutions
Lab Experiences:
Electrolysis of
Water, identifying electrodes and writing half reactions
An
Oxidation-Reduction Titration: The Reaction of Fe2+ and
Ce4+
Electrochemistry:
Voltaic Cells
Electroplating
The Potentiometric
Titration of Hydrogen Peroxide *
Unit 10: Chapter 21-
Nuclear Chemistry:
(1 week)
Nuclear stability
and radioactive decay, Kinetics of radioactive decay, nuclear
transformations, detection and uses of radioactivity, thermodynamic
stability of the nucleus, nuclear fission and fusion, and effects of
radiation.
Lab Experiences:
Alpha, Beta and Gamma
Radiation Shielding
Determining the
Half-Life of an Isotope
Unit 11: AP Exam Review:
(3-4 weeks)
Net ionic
reactions, solubility rules, go over old AP Exams
Unit 12: Chapter 25-
Organic Chemistry:
(2 weeks)
Naming functional
groups such as alkanes, alkenes, alkynes, basic characteristics of
functional groups, esterification reaction, polymerization
reactions, petrochemical industry
Lab Experiences:
The Synthesis and
Analysis of Aspirin
*optional labs for
extra credit
Classroom
Expectations:
Respect yourselves, each other, the school and all its
contents, and Mrs. Berwick. Take Responsibility for
yourself and your actions. J
The Student
Handbook rules will also be enforced in our class as well as
throughout the school so make sure you understand them fully. If I
see or hear food or drink, cell phones or any other electronic
devices out in class they will be confiscated and turned in to the
front office to be picked up by a parent or guardian as they are
distractions that take away from the learning in the classroom.
If any science
items are broken or damaged by students,
a fine will be assessed to
that student to replace the items.
Discipline
Procedures:
--Warning
--Removal to the hallway until an appropriate time for teacher to
leave to discuss behavior, if an understanding is made; student can
return to class but will have to get makeup work from classmates.
Prohibited items will be confiscated for the rest of the period.
--Removal from class, a phone call home to discuss situation, and
letter to take responsibility for return. Prohibited items will be
confiscated and turned into front office to be picked up by parents.
-- Removal from class, a phone
call home to discuss situation again, and a meeting with parents,
Mrs. Berwick and a counselor.
--Referral to administrator
* * * Depending on
severity of violation, actions may not occur in order
I am looking forward to a great year with you and hope that we don't
have to use the discipline procedures because you all will be so
well behaved now that you are in high school.
Sincerely,
Mrs. Berwick
